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A
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absolute URL -
The
full Internet address of a page or other World
Wide Web resource. The absolute URL includes
a protocol, such as "http," network location,
and optional path and file name. For example,
http://example.microsoft.com/ is an absolute
URL. See also URL.
accessibility -
The
quality of a system incorporating hardware or
software that makes it usable by people with
one or more physical disabilities, such as restricted
mobility, blindness, or deafness.
Active Data Objects -
(ADO)
Components that enable client applications to
access and manipulate data in a file- or server-based
database through a provider.
active hyperlink -
A
hyperlink that is currently selected in a Web
browser. Some Web browsers indicate the active
hyperlink by changing its color.
active page, active web -
See current
page, current web.
Active Server Page -
(ASP)
A document that contains embedded server-side
scripting. ASP-compatible Web servers can execute
these scripts. On the client side, an ASP is
a standard HTML document that can be viewed on
any platform using any Web browser.
ActiveX -
A
set of technologies that enables software components
to interact with one another in a networked environment,
regardless of the language in which the components
were created. ActiveX is used primarily to develop
interactive content for the World Wide Web, although
it can be used in desktop applications and other
programs. See also ActiveX controls.
ActiveX controls -
Reusable
software components that incorporate ActiveX
technology. ActiveX controls can be embedded
in Web pages to produce animation and other multimedia
effects, interactive objects, and sophisticated
applications. They can be written in a variety
of programming languages, including C, C++, and
Visual Basic.
anchor -
See bookmark.
animated GIF -
A
file containing a series of GIF (Graphics Interchange
Format) graphics that are displayed in rapid
sequence in a Web browser, giving the appearance
of a moving picture. See also GIF.
anonymous FTP -
The
ability to access a remote computer system on
which one does not have an account, via the Internet's
File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Users have restricted
access rights with anonymous FTP and usually
can only list, view, or copy files to or from
a public directory on the remote system. Many
FTP sites do not permit anonymous FTP access
in order to maintain security. See also FTP.
applet -
See Java
applet.
article -
A
message or posting in a discussion group or an
Internet newsgroup. An article can be a response
to a previous article.
ASCII -
(American
Standard Code for Information Interchange) A
coding scheme using 7 or 8 bits that assigns
numeric values to up to 256 characters, including
letters, numerals, punctuation marks, control
characters, and other symbols. ASCII was developed
in 1968 to standardize data transmission among
disparate hardware and software systems and is
built into all personal computers.
ASP -
(Active
Server Page) A document that contains embedded
server-side scripting. ASP-compatible Web servers
can execute these scripts. On the client side,
an ASP is a standard HTML document that can be
viewed on any platform using any Web browser.
aspect ratio -
In
computer displays and graphics, the ratio of
the width of a picture or picture area to its
height. For example, an aspect ratio of 2:1 indicates
that the picture is twice as wide as it is high.
The aspect ratio is an important factor in maintaining
correct proportions when a picture is incorporated
into another document such as a Web page.
authentication -
In
a multiuser or network environment, the process
by which the system validates a user's logon
information. A user's name and password are compared
against an authorized list, and, if the system
detects a match, access is granted to the extent
specified in the permission list for that user.
authentication database -
A
database on a server that matches user names
to passwords.
Auto Thumbnail -
A
tool that creates a thumbnail of a picture or
photograph and a hyperlink to the original picture.
The Pictures toolbar in Page
view contains the Auto Thumbnail command.
See also thumbnail.
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B
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background sound -
A
sound clip associated with a Web page. When the
page is displayed in a Web browser, the sound
is played either continuously or the number of
times that the page specifies.
banner -
See page
banner.
Banner Ad Manager -
A
component in FrontPage that shows each of a series
of designated graphics for a specified number
of seconds, then transitions to the next graphic
using any of several transition effects. Banner
ads usually contain hyperlinks to an advertiser's
Web site.
base location, base URL -
A
URL that you can assign to a page to convert
all relative URLs on that page to absolute URLs.
A base URL should end with a document name part,
such as http://example.microsoft.com/sample.htm
or a trailing slash, such as http://example.microsoft.com/subdir/.
See also absolute URL.
bevel -
A
three-dimensional edge effect applied to the
border of a graphic. The Pictures toolbar
in Page view contains the Bevel command.
BMP -
(bitmap)
The standard graphics file format on Windows-compatible
computers. Bitmap graphics support 24-bit color
and can be saved for Windows or OS/2 systems.
bookmark -
A
named location on a Web page that can be the
target of a hyperlink. A bookmark can be applied
to a string of characters or exist on a page
separately from any text. Bookmarks allow authors
to link to a specific section of a target page.
In a URL, a bookmark is preceded by a the pound
sign (#). Also called anchor.
broken hyperlink -
A
hyperlink that points to an incorrect URL or
a missing page or file.
browser -
See Web
browser.
browser-safe palette -
A
color table containing only 216 out of a possible
256 colors, used to precisely match the colors
of graphics and pictures in cross-platform Web
browsers. The remaining 40 colors vary on IBM-compatible
and Macintosh computers and are therefore omitted.
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C
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Cascading Style Sheet -
(CSS)
An HTML specification developed by the World
Wide Web Consortium that allows authors of Web
pages to attach style sheets to HTML documents.
Style sheets can include typographical information
on how the page should appear, such as the font
of the text in the page. CSS also directs the
way in which the style sheets of the HTML document
and the user's style will blend.
category -
A
classification for labeling and grouping Web
pages and files by common criteria such as page
contents, file types, or similar distinction.
cell padding -
The
space between the contents and inside edges of
a table cell.
cell spacing -
The
amount of space between cells in a table. Cell
spacing is the thickness, in pixels, of the walls
surrounding each cell.
CGI -
(Common
Gateway Interface) A standard method of extending
Web server functionality by executing programs
or scripts on a Web server in response to Web
browser requests. A common use of CGI is in form
processing, where the Web browser sends form
data to a CGI script on the server, the script
integrates the data with a database, and sends
back the results as a Web page. Use of CGI can
make a Web page much more dynamic and add interactivity
for the user.
check box -
A
form field that can be selected by clicking a
box. When a box is selected, it is usually displayed
with a check mark or X. Check boxes are usually
grouped to represent a set of non-exclusive choices.
See also radio button.
child web -
See subweb.
class selector -
In
a cascading style sheet's style definition (or
style rule), a subset of a selector that controls
whether the same selector can be used for slightly
different styles in different situations.
client -
On
a local area network or the Internet, a computer
that accesses shared network resources provided
by another computer. See also server.
client-side image map -
An
image map that encodes the destination URL of
each hotspot directly on a Web page. Client-side
image maps do not require processing from a server
to allow a site visitor to follow the hyperlinks
on the image map. However, not all Web browsers
support client-side image maps. See also image
map.
client-side program -
On
the Internet, a program that is run on a client
computer rather than on a server computer.
color average tool -
The
action of dragging the eyedropper tool across
a selection of graphics or various solid colors
on a Web page and thereby determining the average
color spectrum of these.
comment -
Text
that can be viewed in Page view that will not
be displayed in a Web browser. Comment text appears
purple in Page view and is used to insert notes
to authors and editors during the construction
of the page. Site visitors can reveal comments
by viewing the source HTML of the page containing
the comments.
confirmation page -
A
page that is displayed in a Web browser, confirming
that data entered into a form has been successfully
submitted. You point to a form's confirmation
page in the form handler's dialog box.
current page -
The
page that is currently being edited in Page view.
current web -
The
web that is currently open.
custom dictionary -
A
list of words not in the standard dictionary
that an author wants the spelling checker to
accept as correct.
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D
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database -
A
file containing records of information that are
organized and presented to serve a specific purpose,
such as the facilitation of searching, sorting,
and recombination of data. Databases can be published
on the World Wide Web to let site visitors look
up information in records or add new information
to the database.
database results region -
An
area on an Active Server Page that can be dynamically
populated by the results of a database query
when the page is displayed in a Web browser.
data connection -
A
connection that specifies the name, type, location,
and optional information for a database file.
data validation -
A
set of rules you can apply to form fields to
restrict the type of information site visitors
enter into forms. For example, you can set rules
so that only letters, and not numbers, can be
entered into a "name" field on a form.
default hyperlink -
In
an image map, the hyperlink that site visitors
follow when they click in an area of the picture
where there are no hotspots. See also hotspot.
design-time control -
An
ActiveX control that is used while designing
or editing a page. See also ActiveX.
Discussion form handler -
A
form handler that allows site visitors to participate
in an online discussion. The Discussion form
handler collects information from a form, formats
it into an HTML page, and adds the page to a
table of contents and to a text index. In addition,
the Discussion form handler gathers information
from the form and stores it in a selected format.
discussion group -
Visitors
submit topics or responses by entering and then
submitting text in a form. Visitors can search
the group using a search form, or access articles
using a table of contents.
Distributed Password
Authentication -
(DPA)
An advanced, distributed method of user authentication
from Microsoft, allowing for single user log-on.
DPA support is provided by the Microsoft Membership
System and is optimized for the needs of Internet
service providers and online services.
domain name -
The
address of a network location in the format that
identifies the owner of that address in the format:
server.organization.type. For example, www.whitehouse.gov
identifies the Web server at the White House
in the United States, which is part of the U.S.
government. See also network location.
drop-down menu field -
A
form field element that presents a list of selections
in drop-down menu style. A drop-down menu form
field element can be configured to permit the
selection of many fields or a single field.
Dynamic HTML -
(DHTML)
An extension of the HTML language that enables
the creation of presentation effects for text
and objects.
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E
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editor -
A
program that creates files or makes changes to
existing files.
e-mail -
(electronic
mail) The exchange of electronic text messages
and computer file attachments between computers
over a communications network, such as a local
area network or the Internet.
E-mail form handler -
See Save
Results form handler.
embedded files -
Graphics,
pictures, sounds, and video clips that have been
inserted on a page in Page view from a file system
or from the clipboard
embedded style sheet -
A
cascading style sheet that is embedded on a page.
Styles in an embedded style sheet can be applied
only to the page containing the style sheet,
and will either extend or override styles defined
in any external style sheet that is linked to
the page.
EPS -
(Encapsulated
PostScript) An extension of the PostScript graphics
file format developed by Adobe Systems. EPS enables
PostScript graphics files to be incorporated
into other documents.
executable folder -
A
folder in which scripts and executable programs
can be run on a Web server. Server administrators
may prohibit the use of executable folders.
external hyperlink -
A
hyperlink pointing to a page or file that is
outside of the current web.
external style sheet -
A
cascading style sheet in a file with a .css file
name extension. The .css file is comprised solely
of style rules in valid .css syntax, without
any surrounding HTML tags. By defining styles
in one or more external style sheets and linking
them to pages in your web, you ensure a consistent
appearance throughout those pages. If you change
a style in the external style sheet, the change
will be reflected in all of the pages linked
to that style sheet.
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FAQ -
(Frequently
Asked Questions) A document listing common questions
and answers on a particular subject. FAQs are
often posted on Internet newsgroups where new
participants ask the same questions that regular
readers have already answered many times.
file -
A
named collection of information that is stored
on a computer. Also, an Internet protocol that
refers to files on a disk or local area network.
file server -
A
computer running on a network that stores files
and provides access to them. Also called server.
See also Web server.
file type -
The
format of a file, commonly indicated by its file
name extension. Computer applications usually
work on a limited set of file types.
firewall -
A
method of protecting the files and programs on
one network from users on another network. A
firewall blocks unwanted access to a protected
network, while giving the protected network access
to networks outside of the firewall. A company
will typically install a firewall to give users
access to the Internet while protecting their
internal information.
folder -
A
named storage area on a computer containing files
and other folders.
Folders view -
The
view of a web that shows how the content of the
web is organized. Similar to Windows Explorer,
you can create, delete, copy, and move folders
in Folders view.
followed hyperlink -
A
hyperlink on a page that has been activated.
Visited hyperlinks are usually displayed by the
Web browser in a specified color.
form -
A
set of data-entry fields on a page that are processed
on a Web server. The data is sent to the server
when a site visitor submits the form by clicking
on a button or, in some cases, by clicking a
graphic.
form field -
A
data-entry field on a page. A site visitor supplies
information in a field either by typing text
or by selecting a field.
frame -
An
area of a Web browser window defined by a frames
page. A frame appears in a Web browser as one
of a number of different areas in which pages
can be displayed. A frame may be scrollable and
resizable, and may have a border. You display
a page in a frame by creating a hyperlink to
the page and specifying the frame as part of
the hyperlink. See also frames page.
frames page -
A
page that divides a Web browser's window into
different areas called frames that can independently
display several Web pages. See also frame.
frameset -
See frames
page.
FrontPage Server Extensions -
A
set of programs and scripts that support authoring
in FrontPage and extend the functionality of
a Web server. The FrontPage Server Extensions
are available for Microsoft Internet Information
Services (IIS) and other popular Windows and
UNIX Web servers. To learn whether your Web server
is supported, visit http://www.microsoft.com/frontpage/
FTP -
(File
Transfer Protocol) The Internet service that
transfers files from one computer to another
over standard phone lines.
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G
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gateway script -
See CGI.
GIF -
(Graphics
Interchange Format) A graphics file format commonly
used to display indexed-color graphics on the
World Wide Web. GIF is a compressed format, designed
to minimize file transfer time over standard
phone lines. See also interlaced GIF.
graphics file formats -
BMP,
EPS, GIF, JPEG, PCD, PCX, PNG, RAS, TGA, TIFF,
and WMF.
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H
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heading -
A
paragraph style that is displayed in a typeface
larger than normal text. The size of a heading
is related to its level: Heading 1 is the largest,
Heading 2, the next largest, and so on. Use headings
to provide names or titles for text paragraphs
or entire pages.
hidden field -
A
form field that is invisible to a site visitor
but supplies data to a form handler. Each hidden
field is implemented as a name-value pair. When
a form is submitted by a site visitor, its hidden
fields are passed to the form handler along with
name-value pairs for each visible form field.
See also name-value pair.
home page -
On
the World Wide Web, an entry page for a set of
Web pages and other files in a Web site. The
home page is displayed by default when a visitor
surfs to the site using a Web browser. The name
of a home page depends on the type of Web server
used to host the Web site. Some Web servers reserve
Index.htm as the name for the home page, while
others name the home page Default.htm.
host -
See server.
host name -
See network
location.
hotspot -
A
graphically defined area in a graphic or picture
containing a hyperlink. A graphic with hotspots
is called an image map. Hotspots are invisible
in Web browsers. Site visitors can tell that
a hotspot is present because the mouse pointer
changes appearance when the mouse is moved over
the graphic. See also image map.
Hover Button component -
An
animated button in the navigation bar on a Web
page that is activated when the mouse pointer
is moved over the button or when the button is
clicked. See also navigation bar.
HTML -
(Hypertext
Markup Language) The standard markup language
used for documents on the World Wide Web. HTML
development is carried out by the World Wide
Web Consortium. The HTML language uses tags to
indicate how Web browsers should display page
elements such as text and graphics, and how Web
browsers should respond to user actions such
as hyperlink activation by means of a key press
or mouse click. Most Web browsers, notably Microsoft
Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator, recognize
HTML tags beyond those included in the present
standard. See also World Wide Web Consortium.
HTML attribute -
A
value used within an HTML tag to assign additional
properties to the object being defined.
HTML character encoding -
A
standard table which associates a numeric index
with each character in a character set. The table
is used when you create a Web page for use in
a specific language. Also called code page.
HTML tag -
A
text string used in HTML to identify a page element's
type, format, and appearance.
HTTP -
(Hypertext
Transfer Protocol) The Internet protocol that
enables Web browsers to retrieve information
from World Wide Web servers.
hyperlink -
A
pointer from text, from a picture or a graphic,
or from an image map to a page or file on the
World Wide Web. On the World Wide Web, hyperlinks
are the primary way to navigate between pages
and among Web sites. Also called link.
hypertext -
Originally,
any textual information on a computer containing
jumps to other information. The hypertext jumps
are called hyperlinks. On the World Wide Web,
hypertext is the primary way to navigate between
pages and among Web sites. Hypertext on Web pages
has been expanded to include hyperlinks from
text, from a picture or a graphic, and from image
maps.
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I
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ID selector -
In
a cascading style sheet style definition (or
style rule), a selector that is used to define
a style for an individual page element, usually
as an inline style.
IIS -
See Internet
Information Services.
image map-
A
graphic containing one or more invisible regions,
called hotspots, which are associated hyperlinks.
Typically, an image map gives site visitors visual
cues about the information made available by
clicking each part of a picture or graphic. For
example, a geographical map could be made into
an image map by assigning hotspots to each region
of interest on the map.
initial page -
The
page that is initially displayed in a frame when
a site visitor browses to a frames page containing
the frame.
inline style -
A
method of applying cascading style sheet properties
and values to an element on a page, such as a
table, graphic, or ActiveX control. You can use
this method even if the page is not linked to
an external style sheet or does not contain an
embedded style sheet.
interlaced GIF -
A
picture in GIF format that is gradually displayed
in a Web browser, showing increasingly detailed
versions of the picture until the entire file
has finished downloading. See also GIF.
internal hyperlink -
A
hyperlink pointing to any page or file within
the current web. See also hyperlink.
internal web -
A
Web site created within an organization and accessible
only to members of that organization on an intranet.
See also intranet.
Internet -
The
worldwide collection of computers, networks and
gateways that use TCP/IP protocols to communicate
with one another. At the heart of the Internet
are high-speed data communication lines between
major host computers, consisting of thousands
of commercial, government, educational, and other
computer systems that route data and messages.
Currently, the Internet offers a range of services
to users, such as e-mail, the World Wide Web,
FTP, Usenet newsgroups, Gopher, IRC, telnet,
and others.
Internet address -
See network
location.
Internet Information
Services -
(IIS)
Microsoft's brand of Web server software, utilizing
Hypertext Transfer Protocol to deliver World
Wide Web documents. IIS incorporates various
functions for security, allows for CGI programs,
and also provides for FTP servers.
Internet service provider -
A
business that supplies Internet connectivity
services to individuals, businesses, and other
organizations. Some ISPs are large national or
multinational corporations that offer access
in many locations, while others are limited to
a specific city or region.
intranet -
A
network designed for information processing within
a company or organization. Its uses include such
services as document and software distribution,
access to databases, and training. An intranet
is so called because it usually employs applications
associated with the Internet, such as Web pages,
Web browsers, FTP sites, e-mail, newsgroups,
and mailing lists, accessible only to those within
the organization. See also firewall.
IP -
(Internet
Protocol) Internet software that divides data
into packets for transmission over the Internet.
Computers must run IP to communicate across the
Internet. See also TCP.
IP address -
(Internet
Protocol address) The standard way of identifying
a computer that is connected to the Internet,
much the way a telephone number identifies a
telephone on a telephone network. An IP address
is four numbers separated by periods, and each
number is less than 256, for example, 192.200.44.69.
Your Web server administrator or Internet service
provider will assign your computer an IP address.
IP address mask -
(Internet
Protocol address mask) A range of IP addresses
defined so that only computers with IP addresses
within the range are allowed access to an Internet
service. To mask a portion of the IP address,
replace it with the asterisk wild card character
(*). For example, 192.44.*.* represents every
computer on the Internet with an IP address beginning
with 192.44.
ISAPI -
(Internet
Server Application Programming Interface) A Web
server application-development interface, developed
by Process Software and Microsoft, that can be
used in place of CGI.
ISP -
See Internet
service provider.
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J, K
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Java -
A
general-purpose programming language created
by Sun Microsystems. Currently, the most widespread
use of Java is in programming small applications,
or applets, for the World Wide Web. See also Java
applet.
Java applet -
A
Java class that is loaded and run by an already-running
Java application such as a Web browser. Java
applets can be downloaded and executed by a Web
browser capable of interpreting Java, such as
Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator.
Java applets are frequently used to add multimedia
effects and interactivity to Web pages, such
as video displays, animations, calculators, real-time
clocks, and interactive games. Applets can be
activated automatically when the page containing
them is displayed in a Web browser, or they may
require some action on the part of the site visitor,
such as clicking an element on the page.
JavaScript -
A
scripting language developed by Netscape Communications
and Sun Microsystems, Inc. Compared to Java,
JavaScript is limited in performance because
it is not compiled before execution. Basic online
applications and functions can be added to Web
pages with JavaScript, but the number and complexity
of available application programming interface
functions are fewer than those available with
Java. JavaScript code, which is included in a
Web page along with the HTML code, is generally
considered easier to write than Java, especially
for novice programmers. A JavaScript-compliant
Web browser, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer
or Netscape Navigator, is required to interpret
JavaScript code.
JPEG -
(Joint
Photographic Experts Group) A graphics file format
used to display high-resolution color graphics
on the World Wide Web. JPEG graphics apply a
user-specified compression scheme that can significantly
reduce the large file sizes usually associated
with photo-realistic color graphics. A higher
level of compression results in lower quality,
whereas a lower level of compression results
in higher quality.
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L
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LAN -
(local
area network) A computer network technology designed
to connect computers separated by a short distance.
A LAN can be connected to the Internet and can
also be configured as an intranet.
link -
See hyperlink.
live web -
A
web that has been published to a Web server and
can currently be browsed by site visitors.
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M
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mailto -
The
Internet protocol used to send electronic mail.
Marquee component -
A
region on a page that displays a horizontally
scrolling text message.
META tag -
An
HTML tag that must appear in the HEAD portion
of the page. META tags supply information about
a page but do not affect its appearance. A standard
META tag, "generator," is used to indicate the
type of editor that created the HTML page.
Microsoft Image Composer -
A
powerful image-editing application included with
FrontPage that lets you create original artwork
or modify existing graphics for use in your webs.
Microsoft Internet Explorer -
Microsoft's
Web browser, available in Windows, Macintosh,
and UNIX versions.
Microsoft Visual Basic -
A
high-level, visual-programming version of Basic.
Visual Basic was developed by Microsoft for building
Windows-based applications.
Microsoft Visual Basic
for Applications -
(VBA)
A macro-language version of Microsoft Visual
Basic that is used to program Windows applications
and is included with several Microsoft applications.
See also Microsoft Visual Basic.
Microsoft Visual Basic
Scripting Edition -
(VBScript)
A subset of the Visual Basic for Applications
programming language, optimized for Web-related
programming. As with JavaScript, code for Visual
Basic, Scripting Edition is embedded in HTML
documents. This version is included with Microsoft
Internet Explorer. See also Microsoft Visual
Basic.
MIME type -
(Multipurpose
Internet Mail Extensions type) A method used
by Web browsers to associate files of a certain
type with applications that display files of
that type.
multi-hosting -
The
ability of a Web server to support more than
one Internet address and more than one home page.
Also called multi-homing.
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N
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navigation bar -
A
collection of graphical or textual buttons containing
hyperlinks to pages that are part of the same
web structure. See also web structure, Navigation
view.
nested frames page -
A
frames page containing another frames page inside
one of its frames. See also frames page, frame.
network location -
In
a URL, a unique name that identifies an Internet
server. A network location has two or more parts,
separated by periods, as for examplewww.designz.net.nz.
Also called host name and Internet address. See
also URL.
news -
The
Internet protocol for retrieving files from an
Internet newsgroup.
Normal text -
The
default paragraph style of Page view, intended
for use in text paragraphs.
NTLM -
(NT
LanMan) The Windows NT Challenge/Response authentication
protocol. This protocol uses encryption for secure
transmission of passwords.
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O
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Open Database Connectivity -
(ODBC)
An application programming interface (API) for
authoring applications that are independent of
any particular database management system.
OLE -
(Object
Linking and Embedding) A technology for transferring
and sharing information among applications. OLE
lets an author invoke different editor components
to create a compound document.
one-line text box -
A
labeled, single-line form field into which site
visitors can type text.
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P, Q
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